蒙古黄芪药材多指标综合评价研究

Comprehensive evaluation study on the Astragali Radix based on the multiple chemical compositions

目的建立多指标综合评价方法并比较不同生长方式、不同产地黄芪的差异。方法采用HPLC法测定黄芪样品中黄芪甲苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量,分光光度法测定多糖含量,水溶性浸出物测定法测定浸出物含量。对实验数据进行t检验、相关性分析,应用模糊数学法构建综合评价函数,建立综合评价法,以此综合评价药材的质量。结果毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷和多糖在多年生传统黄芪中的含量明显高于2年速生栽培黄芪,黄芪甲苷含量差异无统计学意义,浸出物含量在传统黄芪中分布比较均一,而在栽培黄芪中比较离散。传统与栽培黄芪中四种类指标成分即黄芪甲苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、多糖和浸出物的相关性不同。通过综合评价分析,山西恒山地区的传统黄芪综合评价函数值较高。结论所建立的综合评价法具有整体、直观和客观性,传统黄芪与2年生栽培黄芪在指标成分含量方面存在差异。

Objective To establish a comprehensive evaluation method for comparing the difference of Astragali Radix with different growth patterns from different places based on the multiple chemical compositions. Methods The contents of astragaloside Ⅳ and calycosin glucoside Astragali Radix were analyzed by HPLC,polysaccharides level was determined by spectrophotometry,and the contents of water-soluble extracts were measured. The data were analyzed by t-test and correlation analysis,and a comprehensive evaluation method was developed to evaluate the quality of Astragali Radix with fuzzy mathematics. Results The contents of calycosin glucoside and polysaccharides in traditionally planted samples were significantly higher than those in cultivated samples. Meanwhile,the content of astragaloside Ⅳ in both kinds of Astragalus showed no significant difference. The distribution of extract contents was in uniform in traditionally planted samples but dispersive in the cultivated samples. The correlation was different among the four indexes in both kinds of Astragali Radix. The integrated mass index of astragalus radix in Hengshan of Shanxi was higher than those in other places. Conclusion The established comprehensive evaluation method is integral,intuitive and objective. The contents of four indexes were different between traditional and two years-cultivated Astragali Radix.