“儒分为八”与早期儒家分化趋势的生成

Research on Ru Fen Wei Ba and the Early Confucian Differentiation Trend

由于资料缺乏,"儒分为八"已成为儒学史上千百年来难以厘清的学术难题。新见的出土文献,往往不是某一学派的专有文献,而是不同学者的文献汇编,因此,从这些文献对儒家共有特征的不同理解入手,就为解开"儒分为八"之谜提供了新的视角。韩非的八派划分,只是选取思想歧异明显、影响较大的八个派别。儒分为八,在一定程度上反映了早期儒家分化的真实面貌,但法家立场的偏颇,使韩非不能对儒家发展面貌,作出客观、公正的评价。思想歧异是当时孔门内部的普遍存在,而窄化、深化、分化、派别化,正是从不同学派思想差异日渐明显的层面,对早期儒学发展进程所作的一种描述与展示。

Advocating righteousness,reading classics,imitating Yao and Shun,master of Confucius,was a common feature of Confucian. But from the new unearthed literature,the understanding of early Confucian was different from each other. The division of Han Fei that just selected ideological differences significantly influence of the eight factions,did not include all the internal differentiation of Confucius. Confucianism was divided into eight factions,which reflected the early Confucian difference to a certain extent. Because of the position of the biased,Han Fei could not make an objective and fair evaluation of Confucianism.