杨时道学视域中的儒家末学及其文化意涵

The Distinction between the Strands of the Later and Decadent Stage of Confucianism in Yang Shi's Neo-Confucianism and Its Cultural Implications

宋代道学极为突出儒家的道统观,杨时自二十九岁问道程颢即笃守二程道学。杨时从道学视域对先秦以来儒门内部的末学歧出作了分判,认为主要有庄子之说、辞章之学、章句之学。杨时的认定内在地体现着其道学凸显孔孟之学为儒学正统、贬斥汉唐以来的辞章、章句之学为儒家末学歧出的文化意涵,这也是二程及其其他门人道学的整体文化倾向。

Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty attached great importance to Confucian orthodoxy. Yang Shi unswervingly adhered to the teachings of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi since he became one of the disciples of the former at the age of twenty-nine. Within the domain of Neo-Confucianism, Yang further drew distinctions between different strands of Confucianism since early the Qin Dynasty, namely the idea of Zhungzi, the rhetoric of Neo-Confucianism, and the learning of zhangju. In conclusion, these distinctions conform with both Yang＇s own interpretation of Neo-Confucianism and the notion maintained by Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi and their other disciples; and resonate with the tendency of Neo-Confucianism＇s appreciation of the Confucian orthodoxy of Confucius and Mencius, and disapproval of that in the Han and Tang Dynasties.