海口市老年人口腔健康相关生活质量调查分析

Investigation and analysis of oral health-related quality of life of the elderly in Haikou city

目的:了解海口市老年人口腔健康相关生活质量现状及其影响因素。方法:采用一般情况调查表、第三次全国口腔调查表、口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14中文版)对767名海口市老年人进行横断面调查。结果:OHIP-14总分为(37.72±9.72)分,独立能力减弱、心理不适、身体机能不适、疼痛与不适等4个维度得分分别为(15.34±4.33)、(8.99±2.85)、(5.69±1.19)、(7.70±2.97)分。有牙龈肿痛、牙龈退缩、牙齿疼痛、牙齿脱落、牙齿松动、口臭等6个口腔疾患的老年人OHIP-14总分及各维度得分高于无疾患者(P<0.001)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,影响老年人口腔健康相关生活质量的因素有年龄(β=-0.152,P<0.001)、文化程度(β=-1.042,P<0.001)、个人月收入(β=2.016,P<0.001)、牙龈肿痛(β=-1.737,P=0.018)、牙龈退缩(β=-2.307,P=0.002)、牙齿疼痛(β=-2.875,P<0.001)、牙齿脱落(β=-3.264,P<0.001)、口臭(β=-4.687,P<0.001)、牙齿满意度(β=1.514,P<0.001)。结论:影响老年人口腔健康相关生活质量的因素是多方位的,应采取综合措施进行预防。

Aim：To study the oral health-related quality of life of the elderly in Haikou city .Methods：A cross-sec-tional study was conducted in 767 elderly people from Haikou city with a self-made general situation questionnaire ,the Third National Oral Health Questionnaire and Oral Health Impact Profile （ OHIP-14 Chinese Edition ） .Results：The total score of OHIP-14 was （37.72 ±9.72）, and those of the following four dimensions（ independent ability weakening , psychological discomfort, physical discomfort, pain and discomfort） were （15.34 ±4.33）,（8.99 ±2.85）,（5.69 ±1.19）, （7.70 ± 2.97）.The differences in the total score and those of the four dimensions between the elderly with and without oral diseases were significant（P〈0.001）.The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors affecting oral health -related quality of life of the elderly were age （β=-0.152,P〈0.001）,culture degree（β=-1.042,P〈0.001）,personal income（β=2.016,P〈0.001）,sore gums（β=-1.737,P=0.018）,gums back（β=-2.307,P=0.002）,teeth pain （β=-2.875,P〈0.001）,tooth loss（β=-3.264,P〈0.001）,fetid breath（β=-4.687,P〈0.001）,and teeth satisfac-tion（β=1.514,P〈0.001）.Conclusion：The influential factors for oral health-related quality of life among elderly people are multiple, so synthetic measures should be taken .