气调包装凡纳滨对虾特定腐败菌致腐败能力研究

Studies on the Putrefaction Potential of the Specific Spoilage Organisms from Modified Atmosphere Packaged Litopenaeus vannamei

将气调包装凡纳滨对虾货架终点时筛选、分离、纯化得到的肉杆菌、希瓦氏菌和气单胞菌3种腐败菌,分别接种到杀菌后的新鲜凡纳滨对虾上,研究接菌对虾上的3种腐败菌在4℃气调包装(80%CO2/10%O2/10%N2)贮藏条件下的生长动力学参数及其对凡纳滨对虾的致腐败能力。结果表明,在4℃气调包装条件下,肉杆菌、希瓦氏菌和气单胞菌生长动力学参数延滞时间分别为20.64,128.8 h和106.1 h,最大比生长速率μmax分别为0.02302,0.03002 h-1和0.02198 h-1,最大菌落数分别为7.49,6.87 lg(CFU/g)和6.91 lg(CFU/g)。接种肉杆菌、希瓦氏菌和气单胞菌的凡纳滨对虾感官品质货架期较空白对照组短,分别为176,164 h和167 h。凡纳滨对虾腐败菌致腐败能力的研究结果显示,肉杆菌、希瓦氏菌和气单胞菌的挥发性盐基氮产量因子(YTVB-N/CFU)分别为5.40×10-9,1.03×10-7mg/CFU和4.34×10-8 mg/CFU,三甲胺氮产量因子(YTMA-N/CFU)分别为2.37×10-10,3.95×10-9mg/CFU和1.52×10-9 mg/CFU,表明在冷藏气调包装凡纳滨对虾腐败过程中希瓦氏菌的作用最为明显,其次为气单胞菌,肉杆菌的致腐败能力稍弱。

The growth parameters and spoilage ability of Carnobacterium spp., Shewanella spp. and Aeromonas spp.inoculated on sterile Litopenaeus vannamei stored under modified atmosphere（80% CO2/10% O2/10% N2） at 4 ℃ were studied in this paper. All stains were selected from raw L. vannamei at the end of shelf life. It was found that the lag phase of the tree strains were 20.64 h, 128.8 h and 106.1 h, respectively, the relative maximum growth rates（μmax） were0.02302 h^-1, 0.03002 h^-1and 0.02198 h^-1, respectively, and the maximum cell number increase at the stationary phase（Nmax） were 7.49 lg（CFU/g）, 6.87 lg（CFU/g）, 6.91 lg（CFU/g）, respectively. The shelf life of inoculated shrimp was176 h, 164 h and 167 h, respectively, shorter than that of the control samples. This study also demonstrated that the YTVB-N/CFU of the three strains were 5.40×10^-9mg/CFU, 1.03×10^-7mg/CFU, 4.34×10^-8mg/CFU, respectively, and YTMA-N/CFU of the tree strains were 2.37 ×10^-10mg/CFU, 3.95 ×10^-9mg/CFU, 1.52 ×10^-9mg/CFU, respectively, indicating that Shewanella spp. played the most important role in spoilage of modified atmosphere packaged L. vannamei, followed by Aeromonas spp. and Carnobacterium spp.