双孢菇废弃物菇柄热风干燥特性及动力学模型

Hot-air Drying Properties and Kinetics Model of Agaricus bisporus Waste Stipe

为提高双孢菇废弃物菇柄综合利用率,探讨其热风干燥过程中水分含量的变化,分析热风干燥过程中热风温度、切片厚度对干燥特性的影响,建立水分比与干燥时间的动力学模型,并对模型进行拟合检验。结果表明,随热风温度的升高,切片厚度的减小,双孢菇废弃物菇柄干燥时间缩短。热风干燥过程主要为降速期,其干燥过程符合Page方程。该模型预测值与试验值拟合良好。双孢菇废弃物菇柄的水分有效扩散系数随热风温度的升高而增大,随切块厚度的增加而降低。通过阿伦尼乌斯公式计算双孢菇废弃物菇柄的干燥活化能为27.274k J/mol。

The nutritional value of Agaricus bisporus stipe is almost the same as the cap, the stipe is at least 1/10-1/8 of the whole mushroom production, and usually cut off and discard. It not only wasted the resources, but also polluted the environment. The waste stipe should be comprehensive utilization, but it is prone to deterioration, whereas dehydration is the general method to storage the material. In order to study the rules of moisture change in Agaricus bisporus waste stipe during hot-air drying to storage the stipe for later comprehensive utilization. The effects of hot-air temperature and slices thickness on drying properties were investigated, established the kinetics model of moisture ratio（MR） and drying time based on experimental data, and examined the model. Results showed that Agaricus bisporus waste stipe hot-air drying time was shortened with the increase of hot-air temperature and the decrease of slices thickness. The hot-air drying procedure of Agaricus bisporus waste stipe slices was mostly in decelerate drying rate, and had a short accelerate and constant drying rate. The hot-air drying kinetics model of Agaricus bisporus waste stipe was agreed with Page equation（P 0.0001）, the predicted values of the model were nearly consistent with the experimental values.The moisture effective diffusivity of Agaricus bisporus waste stipe was increased with the addition of the hot-air temperature, and decreased with the addition of slices thickness, and the activation energy was 27.274 k J/mol which was calculated by Arrhenius equation. The results could be used to describe the hot-air drying of Agaricus bisporus waste stipe and used in production to predict the moisture content on a certain hot-air temperature.