诗经《樛木》、《螽斯》、《芣苢》大义发微

An Interpretation of “Jiumu”,“Zhongsi”and “Fuyi”inthe Book of Odes

从《诗经》解释的古今差异可以反映出古今观物方法的差异,以及古今社会政治思想的差异。古代各家诗说虽然不尽相同,但都是基于"兴观群怨"的诗教解释。现代《诗经》解释则是对象化的科学考察或艺术审美。以《樛木》、《螽斯》、《芣苢》三篇的文本解释为例,可以展开古今之变的一些具体问题:从《樛木》可以观察古代社会结构的上下交通,从《螽斯》可以反思现代妇女运动的问题,从《芣苢》可以深思坤德的永贞。

The difference between ancient and modern interpretations of the Book of Odes reflects the difference between ancient and modern perspectives of observing things, and even the difference between ancient and modern political thoughts. Though the ancient schools are different from each other in the Odes interpretations, they share the common principle of Odes-education, which is mentioned by Confucius that the Odes may be used to rising, observing, grouping and resenting. By contrast, modern interpretations are objectified observations, no matter they are scientific or literary. This difference may be revealed in reading ＂Jiumu＂, ＂Zhongsi＂ and ＂Fuyi＂ in the Book of Odes.