论唐代庶族文士阶层的形成与古典叙事文学之自觉

An Analysis of Relationship Between Rise of Civilian Intelligentsia and Self-Consciousness of Ancient Narrative Literature in Tang Dynasty

从历时性和共时性两个角度对整个中国古代文学史进行梳理,我们会发现,古典叙事文学成立的一个前提条件就是先有一个介于门阀世族和平民阶层之间的庶族文士阶层形成并占据文化的主导地位,然后,叙事文学之自觉才有可能,叙事文学才能大量出现。中国古代庶族文士阶层形成强大的力量并和掌握话语权的门阀世族形成抗衡是在中唐时期,因而叙事文学的自觉也是在中唐时期。抒情文学由唐前极盛至中唐而退缩,叙事文学由民间而文人、由文人创作的不自觉至中唐随着庶族文士阶层的形成而走向自觉。

To analyze ancient Chinese literature from the perspective of both diachrony and synchrony,we will find that a necessary condition of the ancient narrative literature＇s maturity is civilian intelligentsia＇s obtainment of discourse right. Civilian intelligentsias have become an important social class and mastered cultural right to speak in the Mid-Tang Dynasty,which is the ancient Chinese narrative literature＇s maturity. Lyrical literature gradually declined in the Mid-Tang Dynasty and narrative literature rises from folk field and enters intellectuals＇ vision. With the strong civilian intelligentsia,the classical narrative literature gradually becomes conscious.