北京市小学生进入家教市场的早晚及其影响因素分析

The Timing of Elementary Students in Beijing Receiving Private Tutoring and Its Influencing Factors

本文运用历史事件模型中的Cox比例风险模型对北京市小学生进入家教市场的早晚及其影响因素进行追踪研究,所用的数据来自北京市某示范初中三个年级1635名初中生的全口径问卷调查。调查的主要结论包括:学生在4-5年级进入家教市场的风险比率最高;在过去三届小学毕业生中,进入家教市场的时间显著提前;同伴中参与家教的人数越多越易较早进入家教市场;女生比男生更早进入英语家教市场,更晚接受语文家教辅导;学生母亲受教育程度越高越倾向于较早参加数学和语文辅导,父亲的学历对其参与课外补习的早晚无显著影响;来自重点小学的学生比非重点小学的学生更晚进入数学家教市场。

The current paper apply the Cox proportional hazard model in the longitudinal study on the timing of elementary students in Beijing receiving private tutoring and its influencing factors using data from a survey of 1635 secondary school students from an exemplary secondary school. Analysis found that： 1）the hazard ratio of receiving private tutoring is the highest during the 4th and 5th year of elementary education; 2） the age of students when they received private tutoring has significantly been decreasing as can be observed in the last three years; 3）multiple factors can be identified that influence the timing of receiving private tutoring. To be specifically, students with more companions who already received tutorialtoke private tutoring earlier than students with less companions who already received tutorial services. Female students received private tutorial on English study earlier than male students, while later than male students on Chinese study. The higher education level the student＇s mother had, the earlier he or she received mathematic and Chinese tuition; however, the father＇s education level didn＇t have any effect. Students from top elementary schools received mathematic tuition later than students from other schools.