低水平放射性废水中钚的分析方法研究进展

Investigation on the analytical methods of plutonium in low-level radioactive waste water

钚是重要的核燃料,也是一种极毒的放射性核素,在核燃料循环和放射性废物处置过程中占有重要地位.近些年来,钚在自然水体中的含量、分布引起人们的关注.科研工作者针对低水平放射性废水,核设施周围自然水体,核试验、核事故情况下可能污染的自然水体等,建立了一些钚的分析方法.作者在对这些方法进行了比较的基础上,提出了一种在盐酸体系中用TEVA树脂负压微色谱柱液闪法将水溶液中钚与其他锕系元素及金属离子分离并测量的新方法.该方法有望在日常和应急监测中的得到应用.

Plutonium is an important nuclear fuel, also an extremely toxic radionuelide. It plays an important role in the field of nuclear fuel cycling and radioactive waste disposal. In recent years, attention has been turned to the content and distribution of plutonium in low level radioactive waste water of nuclear facilities and natural water. Some analytical methods have been established for plutonium determination in low level radioactive waste water of nuclear facilities, natural water around nuclear facilities as well as the natural water contaminated by nuclear accident. In this paper, the reported analytical methods have been reviewed and compared, and a new method for the separation of plutonium from other actinides and metal ions using TEVA resin vacuum micro column and determination of plutonium using liquid scintillation counter was proposed. The developed method is expected to be used in the daily and emergency monitoring of plutonium in the future.