一种更符合临床的深静脉血栓形成大鼠模型

A rat model of deep venous thrombosis more consistent with the clinical practice

目的建立一种新的更符合临床的深静脉血栓形成大鼠模型,并探讨其深静脉血栓形成机制。方法将72只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(N组)、假手术组(S组)及模型组(M组),每组24只。M组采用不完全阻滞左股静脉血流+注入10%高渗盐水的方法建立大鼠股静脉血栓模型。于建模后第2、6、10天分别处死各组大鼠8只,比较各组血栓形成情况,行病理学分析,并应用放免法测定各组大鼠各时间点血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)、6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)及内皮素(ET)的含量。结果建模后第2、6、10天,N组和S组均未见血栓形成,M组血栓形成率明显高于N组和S组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。M组病理检查可见血栓不同时期的变化及血管再通现象,且该模型各时间点血浆TXB2、ET含量均较N、S组升高(P<0.05),而6-Keto-PGF1α含量较N、S组降低(P<0.05)。结论通过不完全阻滞股静脉血流+注入10%高渗盐水的方法,可以建立稳定的、更符合临床的深静脉血栓形成大鼠模型,该模型静脉血栓形成可能与血浆血栓素A2(TXA2)/前列环素(PGI2)比例升高及ET含量升高有关。

Objective To establish a rat model of deep venous thrombosis which is more consistent with the clini- cal practice, and to investigate the possible mechanism of deep venous thrombosis. Methods Seventy-two Sprague-Daw- ley rats were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups （N, S, M）, with group N defined as control group. The rats in the group S underwent sham.operation. In the group M, the left femoral vein of the rats was incompletely ligated in combi- nation with injection of 10% hypertonic saline from the distal end of the incompletely ligated femoral vein. On the 2% 6th and 10th day, 8 rats from each group were sacrificed, the femoral vein was collected for observing the formation of the thrombosis and pathological analysis, and the plasma contents of thromboxane B2 （TXB2）, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1a （6-keto-PGF1a） and endothelin （ET） were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results On day 2, 6 and 10, no thrombo- sis was observed in group N or group S. The rate of thrombosis formation in group M （62.5%, 87.5% and 75% on day 2, 6 and 10） was significantly higher than those in group N and group S （P〈0.05）. The changes of thrombosis at different periods and the vascular recanalization were observed by pathological examination in group M. At each time point, the plasma contents of TXB2 and ET in group M were significantly higher than those in group N and group S （P〈 0.05）, and the plasma content of 6-keto-PGF1a in group M was significantly lower than those in group N and group S （P〈0.05）. Conclusion A rat model of deep venous thrombosis which is stable and more consistent with the clinical practice can be established by incomplete ligature of the femoral vein combined with injection of 10% hyper- tonic saline from the distal end of the incompletely ligated femoral vein. The formation of thrombosis in the model may be associated with the thromboxane A2 （TXA2）/Prostacyclin （PGI2） ratio increased and the content of ET in- creased in rat plasma.