基于护理专家问卷调查医院获得性肺炎危险因素研究

Analysis on risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia based on expert questionnaire

目的：通过问卷方法调查护理专家对医院获得性肺炎危险因素的见解，从专家经验角度探索患者感染医院获得性肺炎的主要危险因素。方法在文献资料及护理专家头脑风暴法基础上，课题小组制定专家问卷，对上海市30家综合医院遴选出的210名护理专家开展问卷调查，并对所得数据进行积极度、集中程度、协调程度的统计与评价。结果本次调查共发放专家问卷210份，回收202份，有效问卷202份，有效回收率为96．2％。各条目相关性得分均数的平均值为3．80分，累积百分比的均值为86．7％，变异系数的均值为0．30。按课题小组讨论得出的危险因素确定标准，删除男性、雾化吸入、低血红蛋白症和认知障碍4项条目，将剩余的27项条目作为本次专家调查的医院获得性肺炎危险因素。结论本研究通过问卷形式从专家经验角度调查了医院获得性肺炎危险因素，与以往该领域的回顾性病例对照研究方法形成互补，为进一步有针对性地预防医院获得性肺炎提供了依据。

Objective To explore the risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia from the point of view of experts′experiences with the method of expert questionnaire .Methods The questionnaire on the risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia , which was made based on the literature consultation and group discussion , were distributed to 210 experts selected from the whole city .The degree of mean , the coefficient of variation （ CV） and the cumulative percent of the risk factors were surveyed .Results The survey distributed 210 cases of questionnaires in all .The effective retrieving rate was 96.2%.The mean value of degree of mean , the cumulative percent and CV were 3.80, 86.7% and 0.30 respectively.Male, aerosol inhalation, low hemoglobin production and cognitive disorder were excluded , according to the discussed criteria .The resting 27 items were considered as the risk factors of hospital acquired pneumonia .Conclusions This study determines the risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia by conducting expert questionnaire , which can be a complementary solution to previous retrospective case control study and afford the foundation to further prevention of hospital -acquired pneumonia .