美国义务教育阶段在家上学合法化研究

A Research on the Legalization of Homeschooling at the Stage of Compulsory Education in America

美国义务教育阶段在家上学合法化是一个逐步实现的过程。美国各州主要通过判例法、立法、利用原有法律等三种方式使在家上学合法化,其中立法是大多数州采用的方式。这些合法化方式之间的关系是相互补充、相互支持的,其中判例法与立法之间的相互影响最为充分。美国义务教育阶段在家上学实际上突显了父母教育权威与州教育权威之间的冲突,而合法化的实质就是利用法律缓解了两者之间的冲突。目前,我国义务教育阶段在家上学是非法的,应借鉴美国在家上学的合法化经验,尽快通过制定在家上学法律、法规或者相关条例,或修改原有法律等方式,以确立我国在家上学的合法地位。

The legalization of homeschooling at the stage of compulsory education in America is a gradual process of realization step by step. Homeschooling in each state of America is legal by case law, legislation and the previous laws mainly, among which legislation is used by most states. The relationship of these different ways of legalization are mutual complementation and mutual support, among which case law and legislation are fully influenced by each other. Homeschooling in America highlights the conflict of parental authority and state authority. The essence of the legislation is to relieve the conflict between the two by law. Homeschooling at the stage of compulsory education in our country is illegal. So we should make the homeschooling laws and regulations or amend the previous law as soon as possible to define the legitimate status of homeschooling in our country by using the experience of the legalization of homeschooling in America.