西部大开发10年云南省水足迹账户核算与动态评估

Accounting and Dynamics of Water Footprints within the First Ten Years for the Great Western Development Strategy in Yunnan Province

采用账户核算方式框算了西部大开发战略实施后2001-2010年间云南省的水足迹,重点分析了水足迹规模、强度和结构特征及其动态变化。结果表明:全省水足迹总体呈现持续增长趋势,年均增长率为3%;其中农业水足迹和灰水足迹所占比例较大,平均为82%和10%,工业水足迹所占比例较小,仅为5%左右;总水足迹强度和农业及工业水足迹强度呈下降趋势,年均分别下降11.5%,5.5%和11.1%;尽管用水效率有所改善但与经济发展仍未脱钩,以农业为主的用水结构并未改变。据此建议云南省积极落实最严格水资源管理制度,严格控制用水总量和排污总量,持续提高工、农业用水效率,着重优化用水结构,降低农业水足迹占比。

Accounting approach is employed to estimate water footprints of Yunnan Province from 2001 to 2010,since commencement of the Great Western Development Strategy（GWDS）. The features and dynamics are also analyzed of the accounted water footprints in terms of scale,intensity and structure. The results show that total water footprint has been in a steady growth with an averaged rate of 3%. Among the five accounts of water footprints,the accounts of agriculture and wastewater（grey）contributes 82% and 10% to the total respectively,while the account of industry represents merely 5%. A declining trend has been witnessed of the total,agricultural and industrial water footprints respectively with 11.5%,5.5% and 11.1%. Even though the efficiencies of water use were remarkably improved,the structure dominated by agricultural water use has been maintained,and a decoupling relationship with economic development has not been accomplished. It is recommended that a more stringent water resource management be enforced by strictly controlling the volumes of total water use and effluent discharge,successively lifting water use efficiencies for industry and agriculture,improving water use structure and lowering the percentage in the total of agricultural water footprint.