加工中心主轴热误差建模与检测技术研究

Thermal Error Description and Inspection of Motor Spindle

热误差是影响高端数控机床精度的主要因素,主轴系统受热变形影响尤其显著。首先,在分析电主轴热误差因素的基础上,基于齐次变换矩阵建立电主轴热误差综合描述;进而综合采用接触式、非接触式温度场及热变形测量技术,构建主轴热误差测量方案,并结合相关系数法设置关键测温点;基于热误差描述模型及检测数据,建立电主轴热误差模型,成功开发电主轴热误差补偿系统,将加工中心运行过程中的热误差控制在3μm以内,证明了系统的有效性。

Thermal error of precision machining center was the main error source of precision machining center,and spindle system was significantly influenced by the thermal deformation. Firstly,the error factors in different coordinate directions of spindle system was analyzed,and the deformation description model was built based on displacement transformation matrix. Secondly,adopting the contact and noncontact measuring technology,the thermal error inspection system was built,and the temperature measuring point layout was assigned based on the correlation coefficient method. Finally,the thermal error mathematical model was built,and the thermal error compensation software system of machine center spindle was developed,the thermal error of machine center was controlled in the field less than 3μm,which proved the effectiveness of the Thermal Error compensation system.