我国高校创新人才培养的反思与建构——基于实践知识的视角

The Introspection and Construction of the Cultivation of Innovative Talents in Universities of China——On the View of Practical Knowledge

在国家创新驱动发展战略背景下,以科技创新为基础的产业转型和升级需要大批高素质创新人才。本文从实践知识的视角审视我国高校创新人才培养现状,发现人才培养目标定位趋同,无法满足多样化的社会需求;教学内容片面强调理论知识的系统性,忽视实践知识的习得;教学方式僵化,很少采用实践知识的获取途径,这些都制约着创新人才的成长发展。分析认为,实践取向是创新人才培养的本质要求,以实践知识为主的知识观是创新人才培养的基础,实践知识支配着创新人才的认识实践活动。

Under the strategic background that the innovation promotes development,the industry transformation and upgrading based on tech-innovation needs a large number of high-level innovative talents. Underpinned by the survey of the current situation of innovative talents training in our country from a perspective of practical knowledge,this article reveals that we set the same goal to cultivate talents,which leads to the situation that different kinds of need in the society can not be met.And we paid much attention to the systematicness in theoretical knowledge teaching while ignored practical knowledge learning,which restricted the development of innovative talents training with the rigidity of teaching methods and the lack of applicatory knowledge learning. We believe that the essential requirement of innovative talents training regards the need in practice as a baseline while the foundation of training is the intellectual concept focusing on pragmatic knowledge by which the practical activities of innovative talents are guided.