更化与整合——董仲舒的治道思想

Reform and Integration: Dong Zhongshu's Governance Thought

董仲舒思想来源多元,经过整合构建了博大精深的思想体系。反思周秦,批判黄老政治和"汉承秦制"积弊,提出复古更化,以解决西汉治理危机。对汉初各家治道思想进行整合,完成了王霸结合,以王道为主,霸道为辅的主体治理模式构建。阐述了王道统治德刑兼用、阳德阴刑、阴兼于阳、德主刑辅的基本原则。以《春秋》为基础,在政治实践上提出引礼入法、礼法并用、以礼主法。当代中国面临社会治理危机,应重视对儒家治道资源的开发利用,复兴儒家礼治模式,与德治、法治相结合,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。

Dong Zhongshu＇s thought from various sources was integrated and built into a broad and profound ideological system. Through reflecting on Zhou Dynasty and Qin Dynasty, criticizing Huang Lao＇s political policy and the disadvantage of ＂Han＇s inheriting Qin＇s system＂, he put forward the reform of reviving ancient ways to solve the governance crisis of Western Han Dynasty. Integrating the various governance idea at the beginning of the Han Dynasty, he completed the construcion of main governance mode, that is, combining kingly way of government with overbearing governance, putting kingly way of government first and taking overbearing governance as supplement. He describes the basic principles of the kingly way of both virtue and punishment, virtue as yang and punishment as yin, giving consideration to both yin and yang, virtue as the first and punishment as the supplement. Based on Spring and Autumn, in political practice, he proposed to introduce Confucianism into laws, apply both etiquette and law, and use etiquette to govern law. Contemporary Chinese society is facing the crisis of governance, so attention should be paid to the development and application of the Confucianist governace resources, reviving the old ways of Confucianist etiquette governance and combining virtue governance and law governance to promote the modernization of the governance system and governace ability of our country.