摘要
Diabetes mellitus(DM) is an extremely common disorder which carries a risk of vascular impairment.DM type 2(DM2) can be characterized by the dysfunction of haemostasis manifesting by stimulated coagulation process,disorder of platelet function and decreased fibrinolytic activity.These all are the reasons why DM2 is the most common acquired thrombophilia.Endothelial dysfunction along with platelet hyperactivity are unquestionably involved in the hyperactivation of platelets and clotting factors in DM.As a natural consequence of continuous investigation,many markers of endothelial dysfunction and diabetic thrombocytopathy have been identified and considered for implementation in clinical practice.Endothelial function can be assessed by the evaluation of endothelial markers,circulating molecules synthesised in various amounts by the endothelium.These markers precede the signs of evident microangiopathy.Platelets have an ethiopathogenic relation to the microangiopathy in DM.Their increased activity was confirmed in both types of DM.Predictors of endothelial and platelet disorder could improve the screening of individuals at increased risk,thus leading to the early diagnosis,appropriate treatment,as well as to the effective prevention of the complications of DM2.In the article we deal with the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial and platelet functional abnormalities,endothelial and platelet markers of DM2 considered for implementation in clinical practice and possibilities of their detection.
Diabetes mellitus （DM） is an extremely common disorder which carries a risk of vascular impairment. DM type2 （DM2） can be characterized by the dysfunction ofhaemostasis manifesting by stimulated coagulation process,disorder of platelet function and decreased fibrinolyticactivity. These all are the reasons why DM2 is the mostcommon acquired thrombophilia. Endothelial dysfunctionalong with platelet hyperactivity are unquestionablyinvolved in the hyperactivation of platelets and clottingfactors in DM. As a natural consequence of continuousinvestigation, many markers of endothelial dysfunctionand diabetic thrombocytopathy have been identifiedand considered for implementation in clinical practice.Endothelial function can be assessed by the evaluationof endothelial markers, circulating molecules synthesisedin various amounts by the endothelium. These markersprecede the signs of evident microangiopathy. Plateletshave an ethiopathogenic relation to the microangiopathy inDM. Their increased activity was confirmed in both typesof DM. Predictors of endothelial and platelet disorder couldimprove the screening of individuals at increased risk, thusleading to the early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, aswell as to the effective prevention of the complications ofDM2. In the article we deal with the mechanisms involvedin the pathogenesis of endothelial and platelet functionalabnormalities, endothelial and platelet markers of DM2considered for implementation in clinical practice andpossibilities of their detection.
基金
Supported by Projects CEPV I(ITMS 26220120016)
CEVYPET(ITMS 26220120053)
APVV 0222-11
Vega 1/0016/12
