明清时期沅水流域的土地开垦

The Land Reclamation of Yuanshui River Basin in Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期沅水流域的土地开垦呈现逐渐加快趋势。明代以前,沅水流域的土地垦殖是粗放的。此后,沅水流域的土地开发逐渐向先进地区农业水平接近。明代的土地开垦尚集中于流域内的平原、河谷、盆地、低山和丘陵,成绩相对有限。到了清代,在垦复明代田地的基础上,展开了更大规模的持续垦地运动,导致沅水流域土地利用率逐渐达到传统农业的极限。

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the process of land development along the Yuanshui River had been gradually accelerated. Before Ming Dynasty, the land development along Yuanshui River was extensive. From then on, the land development in this area approached the advanced level of land use in central China. The land reclamation in Ming Dynasty was practiced in places such as plains, valleys, basins and low hills with a relatively limited achievement. In the Qing Dynasty, larger scale of land reclamation was carried out and the land utilization of Yuanshui basin progressively reached the limit of traditional agriculture.