Au-基催化剂的制备及其在乙炔氢氯化反应中的催化活性

Preparation of Au-based Catalyst and Its Catalytic Activity in Acetylene Hydrochlorination

电石乙炔法生产氯乙烯工艺中汞排放会造成严重的环境污染,而乙炔氢氯化反应是工业合成氯乙烯的重要化学反应过程。为寻找适用于氯乙烯生产中高活性的非汞催化剂,本文采用等体积浸渍法,浓HCl为溶剂,制备不同配比不同价态的Au催化剂,以解决在该反应中Au Cl/AC催化剂转化率低、失活快等问题。实验结果表明:在反应条件为C2H2空速360 h-1、温度130℃、VHCl:VC2 H2=1.15时,Au Cl/AC活性较低,且失活较快。当加入第二组分Au Cl3或Au0后,随着加入量的增加,催化活性和稳定性得到明显提高,并且当nAu Cl3∶nAu Cl=2∶1时,催化剂的活性和稳定性最好。上述结果可为研制环境友好、催化活性高、选择性强、寿命长、易于处理的非汞催化剂提供一定的参考。

Mercury emission in the production of vinyl chloride by the acetylene route causes serious environmental pollution,while acetylene hydrochlorination is an important process in the industrial production of vinyl chloride monomer. In order to explore the high activity for vinyl chloride production of mercury catalyst, in this article, the different ratio and the valence state of Au catalysts were prepared using an incipient wetness impregnation technique that used HCl as a solvent, which aim to solve the problem of the lower conversion and easily deactivated of AuCl/AC catalyst. Under the reaction conditions of C2H2 hourly space velocity（GHSV） 360 h-1, temperature 130 ℃, feed volume ratio VHCl/VC2H2=1.15, the Au Cl/AC catalyst initially exhibited low conversion, and the catalyst was easily deactivated with increasing reaction time on stream.The addition of Au3＋or AuO to AuCl/AC catalyst, and with increasing the additive amount, which can improve catalytic activity and stability of the AuCl/AC catalyst, and when nAuCl3∶nAuCl=2∶1, the catalyst exhibited higher conversion and stability.This study provides reference for environmental friendly,high catalytic activity,high selectivity, long service life and easy handled non-mercury catalyst.