旋转机械径向碰摩模型分析

Analysis of Rotating Machinery Radial Rubbing Model

转子系统动静碰摩是汽轮发电机组等大型旋转机械时常出现的故障之一。对碰摩故障的深入研究和准确诊断是确保汽轮发电机组安全运行的重要技术手段。对转子系统动静碰摩的研究主要包括两个方面:精确的模型和有效的振动诊断特征信息。分析了转子与定子发生径向碰摩的各种物理模型和力学模型。通过对刚性支承和弹性支承等碰摩的物理模型和碰摩的各种法向力和切向力模型的对比,分析了各个模型的特点及其应用范围。介绍了动静碰摩的系统动力学模型,指出建立多参数、通用、精确的法向力和切向力模型以及精确的系统动力学模型是碰摩振动故障研究的发展方向。

Rotor-to-stator rubbing of rotor system is one of the common fualts of such large rotating machinery as turbo-units.The in-depth study and accurate diagnosis of rubbing faults is the important technical method to ensure safe operation of turbine units.This kind of research mainly includes two aspects：the accurate model and the effective vibration diagnostic feature information.This paper analyzes various physical models and mechanical models for rotor-to-stator radial rubbing and their characteristics and application scope by comparing the physical models for various rubbings with rigid support or elastic support and models for rubbings′normal forces and tangential forces.It also introduces the system dynamics model for rotor-to-stator rubbing,and points out that establishing multi-parameter,general and precise normal force and tangential force model as well as the precise system dynamics model is the development direction of rubbing vibration fault study.