翻译规范与寒山诗的英译——以斯奈德和赤松的译本为例

Translation Norms and Translations of Cold Mountain's Poems:Take Snyder's and Red Pine's Translated Versions as Examples

寒山是中国文学史上具有传奇色彩的诗人,其在本土被边缘化的诗歌经过译介的一番洗礼,在目的语文化中获得了前所未有的成功。本文运用图里的翻译规范,从预备规范、初始规范和操作规范的角度探讨和分析翻译规范在源本选择、翻译策略的设定和翻译方法的使用三个方面对斯奈德与赤松英译寒山诗的影响。在具体的翻译过程中,斯奈德采用向目的语规范靠近的翻译策略,将寒山形象、诗中佛教意象及典故等进行归化处理。赤松则更倾向于源语规范的翻译策略,力图忠实地再现源语文本信息,向目的语读者传达出寒山清新自然的诗风。

Cold Mountain is a legendary poet in the Chinese literary history. His poems,which were marginalized in China,have achieved unprecedented success in the West. This paper aims to analyze the influences of Toury＇s translation norms on Synder＇s and Red Pine＇s translations of Cold Mountain＇s poems from the perspectives of preliminary norms,initial norms and operational norms.During the process of translation,Snyder adopted the translation strategy of following the target language norms,and domesticated Cold Mountain himself,many Buddhist images and allusions in the poems. However,Red Pine was inclined to use the foreignizing strategy of abiding by the source language norms,striving to faithfully transfer the message of the source language text and convey the fresh and natural styles of Cold Mountain＇s poems to the target reader.