论《孙子兵法》英译的文化心理与文化逻辑

On Cultural Psychology and Cultural Logic in English Translations of The Art of War

文化简化主义与语义的欺骗性对等是西方译者英译中华典籍时常犯的错误之一,其特征是译文与原文表面上语言意义一致,但实质上文化意义却大相径庭。就《孙子兵法》的英译而言,译者的选择体现了译者的文化心理,其又通过译者英译的文化表现体现出来。译者如缺乏文化逻辑意识,以自己的心理框架取代现实的语境,就会以自己认为合理的解释来取代源语文化之文化惯约。欲避免文化简化主义的发生,译者须加强自我自反性,厘清蕴含在文化表现系统中的文化逻辑,通过自反的方法达到差异比较与沟通理解之目的。

Cultural reductionism is one of common mistakes English translators usually make,which is characterized by deceptive equivalence in linguistic form with an outward conformity of literal meanings and an inward wide divergence of cultural meanings between the original and the translation. As far as the English translation of The Art of War is concerned,the reason is that translators replace actual contexts with their own frames,which actually embodies translators lacking cultural logic awareness. In order to avoid cultural reductionism and deceptive equivalence,translators need to strengthen self-reflexivity and clarify the cultural logic implicated in cultural manifestations,achieving the aim of difference comparison and communicable understanding by means of reflexive approach.