朝鲜四种文献所见汉语声母的清代东北方音特征

On the Four Phonetic Features of Initials of Northeast Dialect in Qing Dynasty Reflected in the Korean Literatures about Chinese Language

分析四种朝鲜王朝汉语文献《华音启蒙》《华音启蒙谚解》《你呢,贵姓》《学清》的语音的声母系统,通过文献讹误字分析、对音文献分析等考证其反映出来的清代汉语东北方言的语音特征。表现为:微母消失;见晓系腭化;全浊声母清音化;日母字变化为零声母字;平舌、翘舌音不分等。

This paper aims to probe the phonetic features in Korean language by analyzing the phonetic system of Huayin Qimeng,Huayin Qimeng Yanjie,Ni Ne Guixing and Xue Qing—— four Korean literatures about Chinese language,and the findings is that as far as initials are concerned,some phonetic characteristics of northeast dialect in Qing Dynasty are reflected in these literatures. More specifically,the initial‘m＇consonant disappeared,the xiyin initials in the velars and gutturals already palatalized,all the voiced initials pronounced light tone,‘ri＇initials changed into zero ones,Smooth tongue and retroflex sound were mixed together,etc.