深圳市南山区哨点医院儿童伤害监测资料分析

Injury Surveillance in Children in Sentinel Hospital in Nanshan District,Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市南山区哨点监测医院急诊14岁以下儿童伤害病例的流行病学特征,为预防控制儿童伤害提供依据。方法选取南山区监测哨点医院的伤害监测资料,对2012年急诊首诊儿童的伤害病例进行分析。结果 2012年共报告0~14岁伤害儿童8 316例,男女童性别比1.73∶1,0~5岁组所占比例为最高（48.77%）;伤害原因前5位分别为跌倒/坠落（64.10%）、动物伤（16.45%）、钝器伤（9.96%）、锐器伤（4.81%）、交通伤（2.40%）;家中、学校、公路/街道依次为儿童伤害发生的3大地点;活动类型以休闲活动时发生伤害居首位（94.14%）;伤害意图以非故意伤害最多（99.30%）;伤害的严重程度以轻微的浅表伤（98.80%）为主;伤害结局中治疗后回家占98.02%。结论 2012年深圳市南山区儿童伤害病例以家中和学校等地点休闲活动中跌倒/坠落等意外伤害为主,应针对性地开展有效预防措施。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of injuries in children under 14 years old in sentinel hospitals in Nanshan district, and to provide scientific evidence for injury control and prevention. Methods The surveillance data of injury was analyzed towards the children visiting hospital emergency for the first time in Nanshan district in 2012. Results A total of 8 316 injury cases aged 0 - 14 was reported in 2012 accumulatively. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.73 ： 1. The largest portion of the cases concen- trated in those aged 0 -5 years （48.77%）. The top 5 injury causes were falling down （64. 10% ）, animal attack （ 16. 45% ）, blunt strike （9.96%）, cut （4.81%） and traffic injury （ 2.40% ）. The main places where injuries occurred were homes （52. 15% ）, road/streets （ 19.46% ） and schools （ 12.51% ）. As high as 94. 14% of injuries happened in leisure activities. Most of injury cases were unintentional （99. 30% ） ; most injuries （98.80%） were mild superficial injuries and 98.02% of the patients went back home after treat- ments. Conclusion The injury cases of children in Nanshan district are dominating in failing down cases and in locations of home and schools, and thus pertinent prevention measures should be carried out.