2013年什邡市居民健康素养调查

Survey on Health Literacy Among Residents in Shifang City,2013

目的了解四川省什邡市居民健康素养水平,为进一步做好居民健康教育与健康促进工作提供依据。方法 2013年采用现况流行病学调查方法 ,对什邡市16个镇(街道)的445名居民进行面对面的问卷调查。结果被调查人群健康知识、健康行为及技能的总体平均答题正确率为68.3%;健康知识掌握情况中,对"结核病防治、艾滋病病毒的血液和母婴传播途径、流感预防方法 "的知晓率最高,均在88.3%以上,对"被动吸烟引发的疾病、癌症先兆信号"的知晓率最低,分别为13.5%和16.9%;健康行为部分,"骑摩托车必须戴头盔、开窗通风是消除室内空气污染最有效的方法、过期食品不能食用"正确回答率最高,均在91.8%以上,"发现病死家禽和鸟的正确处理方法、孕妇怀孕后孕期检查次数、菜板的正确使用习惯和有人在室内吸烟会劝阻吸烟者"均低于40.0%;健康技能部分,对"紧急医疗救助电话"掌握情况最好,为99.1%,对"放射性和生物安全标识"的掌握度最低,分别为17.4%和20.6%。结论什邡市居民健康素养水平应进一步提高,健康素养促进行动中应进一步加强对慢性非传染性疾病防治知识和基本医疗常识的宣传,提供促进健康行为形成的支持性环境。

Objective To understand the healthy literacy among local residents in Shifang city and thus to provide scientific evidence for further heath education and promotion. Methods Altogether 445 local residents from 16 towns/communities were conducted face -to -face survey with questionnaire. Results The overall average cor- rect response rate was 68.3%, including contents of health knowledge, behaviors and skills. As for the health concept and knowledge, the awareness rates of prevention of TB, AIDS and Flu were all over 88.3% ; while the awareness rate of passive smoking related disease and precursor signal of cancer were 13.5% and 16. 9% , respectively. In term of health lifestyle and behaviors, the awareness rate of ＂Motorcyclists should wear hel- mets＂, ＂ Opening window or ventilation is the most effective way to purge indoor air pollution＂ and ＂Expired food can＇ t be eat＂ were all over 91.8%; while the awareness rate of ＂The right handling method of deadpoultry and birds＂, ＂The examination time of pregnant women after pregnancy ＂, ＂ The correct habit of chopping board＂ and ＂I Will discourage smokers smok- ing in the room＂ were all below 40. 0%. As to the health related skills, ＂Knowing the emergency number＂ was the best （99. 1% ）; while the awareness rate on ＂Safety mark of radioactivity and biosafety＂ were as low as 17.4% and 20.6%, respectively. Conclusion The basic health literacy in residents of Shifang city needs to be further strengthened. Prevention knowledge on chronic disease and basic medical common knowledge should be stressed in the propaganda as a key mean of health promotion in the residents.