攀枝花市接毒接害工人职业健康知识调查

Occupational Health Knowledge Among Workers Exposed to Toxic and Harmful Substances in Panzhihua City

目的了解接毒接害工人对职业卫生相关知识的认知现状,为职业人群健康教育工作提供科学的依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取四川省攀枝花市3 346名接尘作业人员进行问卷调查。结果共发放问卷3 359份,收回有效问卷3 346份,有效回收率为99.6%。职业健康知识的知晓率为19.7%,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示影响工人职业健康知识知晓率的因素有文化程度、企业规模、企业性质和所接触的危害因素种类(P<0.01)。结论四川省攀枝花市接毒接害工人职业健康知识知晓率水平较低,尤其中小型民营企业和文化程度低的人群,今后应大力加强职业人群健康教育。

Objective To learn current cognitive status of workers exposed to toxic and harmful substances on occupational health- related knowledge, and to provide a scientific basis for occupational health education.Methods A total of 3 346 workers were investigated with uniform questionnaire by stratified cluster sampling method. Results Altogether 3 359 questionnaires were distributed and 3 346 were valid,with an effective recovery rate of 99. 6%. The awareness rate of knowledge on occupational health was 19. 7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness of occupational health knowledge was influenced by educational level,enterprise scale,characteristic of enterprise and types of hazard factors the workers contacted（ all P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The occupational health knowledge awareness in workers exposed to toxic and harmful substances is low,especially in the workers with low education level and working in small and medium private enterprises. Thus,health education should be enhanced in the future targeting those vulnerable occupational populations.