家长对儿童过敏性疾病知识认知情况调查

Knowledge about allergic diseases among parents of kindergarten children in Guangzhou city

目的了解广东广州地区家长对过敏性疾病的认知水平,为过敏性疾病患儿的治疗和生活管理工作提供参考。方法采用随机整体抽样方法,对广州市内12所幼儿园儿童的家长进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行描述性统计及Spearman关联分析。结果共调查1 889名儿童家长,44.7%(845/1 889)的家长自认为不怎么了解过敏性疾病类型及其症状;64.8%(1 225/1 889)的家长不会带出现轻微过敏症状的儿童去咨询及治疗;8.7%(165/1889)的家长不清楚如何预防过敏性疾病的发生;仅有26.1%(493/1 889)的家长知道有脱敏治疗这个方法;Spearman结果显示可知,家长对过敏性疾病的认知水平与对患儿的防治之间存在关联,并且关联有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家长对于过敏性疾病的认知水平普遍偏低,医护人员及社会应重视过敏性疾病知识的宣传教育工作。

Objective To investigate the know ledge level of allergic diseases among parents of kindergarten children in Guangzhou city and to provide references for the improvement in daily life management and treatment of the children with allergic disease. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out among 2 010 parents of kindergarten children selected with random cluster sampling from 12 kindergartens in Guangzhou city from January to December,2013.Spearman correlation and descriptive statistical analysis were adopted in data analysis by using SPSS 17. 0. Results Totally 1 889 eligible questionnaires were collected from 989（52. 4%） parents of the boys and 900（47. 6%） parents of the girls;the mean age of the parents＇ children was 4. 6 ± 1. 1 years;and the valid response rate of the survey was 94%.Of the parents,44. 7% reported having a little know ledge about the type and symptoms of allergic disease; 64. 8%expressed that they won＇t take their children to visit a doctor for mild allergy symptoms for consultation and treatment;8. 7% did not know how to prevent the occurrence of allergic diseases;and only 26. 1% were aw are of desensitization therapy. The results of Spearman analyses revealed a statistically significant correlation betw een the parents＇ know ledge level of allergic diseases and the allergy prevention measure among their children（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The know ledge level of allergic disease is generally low among parents of kindergarten children in Guangzhou city and medical workers should pay more attention to health education on allergic disease among the public.