中国成年居民超声骨速及骨质疏松症分析

Bone speed of sound value and osteoporosis prevalence among adults in China

目的了解中国成年居民的超声骨速及骨质疏松患病情况,探讨骨质疏松症评估和预防策略。方法采用便利抽样的方法,抽取全国各地≥20岁的城镇居民14 229人,采用超声骨强度仪测量桡骨远端1/3处骨骼内传导的声波速度（SOS）,计算T值和骨质疏松率。结果男性SOS平均值为（4 069.3±149.1）m/s,骨峰值出现在40-44岁,T值平均为-0.21;女性SOS平均值为（4052.7±181.3）m/s,骨峰值出现在45-49岁,T值平均为-0.10;无论男性和女性,其峰值骨量均低于0（均P〈0.05）。受检人群骨质疏松率随年龄的增长而升高;50岁以后,男性、女性骨质疏松检出率分别为7.9%和32.1%。东北居民的骨质疏松率（男性20.5%,女性37.7%）、华北居民的骨质疏松率（男性11.4%,女性35.3%）均明显高于同性别平均水平（均P〈0.05）。结论我国城镇居民骨质情况不容乐观,老年男性和更年期后女性是重点防范人群,华北和东北是骨质疏松高发地区,需要有针对性的开展防治工作。

Objective To measure bone speed of sound（SOS） and analyze the incidence rate of osteoporosis in Chinese adults for putting forw ard the assessment methods and relevant control strategy. Methods With convenience sampling,14 229 residents aged 20 years or elder（4 205 males and 10 024 females） were selected from 19 provinces and 3municipalities directly under the central government and their SOS at the 1 /3 distal radial were examined using quantitative ultrasound system（QUS,Sunlight Omnisense,Sunlight Medical Ltd,Israel） during September 2010 to September2011. T-value was calculated in order to study the prevalence of osteoporosis. Results The average SOS values were4 069. 3 ± 149. 1 m/s for the male adults and 4 052. 7 ± 181. 3 m/s for the female adults; the peaks of T-value were occurred in the men at age of 40-44 years（-0. 21） and in the women at 45-49 years（-0. 10）. The prevalence of osteoporosis was increased with age. Among the adults over the age of 50 years,the osteoporosis rates for the men and women were 7. 9% and 32. 1%,respectively. For both the men and the women,the osteoporosis rates for both the male and female adults living in the north and northeast areas of China were higher than the average level of the adults in other areas. Conclusion The incidence rate of osteoporosis among Chinese adults needs to be concerned,especially for the older males,the females after menopause,and those living in north and northeast areas of China. The prevention of osteoporosis should be conducted in accordance with epidemiological characteristics of the illness.