中国驾驶员道路交通伤害危险因素Meta分析

Driver-related risk factors of road traffic injury in China:a meta-analysis

目的综合分析中国道路交通伤害（RTI）发生的主要驾驶员驾驶事故的危险因素,为预防决策提供参考依据。方法检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science、Google学术、PubMed等数据库及相关网站,收集所有关于中国RTI的主要驾驶员驾驶事故危险因素相关病例对照研究数据,采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入14篇文献,累计病例3161例,对照4450例;Meta分析结果显示,中国驾驶员RTI发生的危险因素按危险性由高到低依次为：疏忽大意（OR=19.25,95%CI=9.16-40.48）、感觉判断错误（OR=15.62,95%CI=9.65-25.29）、不按规定让行（OR=15.10,95%CI=7.47-30.53）、措施不当（OR=11.23,95%CI=5.96-21.18）、从不检修（OR=9.34,95%CI=3.01-28.94）、酒后驾驶（OR=6.30,95%CI=2.64-15.02）、超载（OR=5.65,95%CI=3.40-9.40）、车祸史（OR=4.05,95%CI=2.95-5.56）、文化程度（OR=3.85,95%CI=1.91-7.74）、疲劳感（OR=3.46,95%CI=2.51-4.77）、闯红灯史（OR=1.86,95%CI=1.51-2.28）、超速行驶史（OR=1.30,95%CI=1.13-1.50）。结论疏忽大意、感觉判断错误、不按规定让行、措施不当、从不检修等是中国驾驶员RTI发生的主要危险因素,可据此制定相应措施来预防道路交通伤害的发生。

Objective To study main driver-related risk factors of road traffic injury in China and to provide evidences for decision-making on road traffic injury prevention. Methods A computerized online search was conducted in China National Know ledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,Sino Med,Web of Science,Google Scholar,Pub Med and related websites to collect articles（published betw een 2000 and 2012） with the keyw ords of road traffic injury,injury,road traffic accident,crash,vehicle,risk factor,case-control study,and case-crossover study. A total of 713 papers were collected.Stata 12. 0 softw are was adopted in the meta-analysis,and combined odds ratio（OR） and 95% confidence interval（95% CI） were calculated to evaluate driver-related risk for road traffic injuries. Results Finally 14 studies were included in the study. The cumulative cases and controls were 3 161 and 4 450,respectively. The results show ed that the driverrelated risk factors（OR,95% CI） for road traffic injuries were carelessness（19. 25,9. 16-40. 48）,wrong judgment（15. 62,9. 65-25. 29）,violating the rules of giving the way（15. 10,7. 47-30. 53）,taking wrong management（11. 23,5. 96-21. 18）,not doing necessary repair for the vehicle（9. 34,3. 01-28. 94）,drunk drinking（6. 30,2. 64-15. 02）,overloading（5. 65,3. 40-9. 40）,with history of road accident（4. 05,2. 95-5. 56）,education background（3. 85,1. 91-7. 74）,fatigue driving（3. 46,2. 51-4. 77）,with experience of running the red light when driving（1. 86,1. 51-2. 28）,and over-speed driving（1. 30,1. 13-1. 50）. Conclusion The main driver-related risk factors of road traffic injuries in China are carelessness,wrong judgment,violating the rules of giving the way,and not doing necessary repair for the vehicle and intervention on those driver-related factors may reduce the risk of road traffic injury.