辽朝警巡、军巡与巡检制度考略

A Textual Study of Police Patrol, Army Patrol and Inspection System in Liao Dynasty

辽朝承仿晚唐五代及北宋制度,于五京京城内置设"军巡院",于地方诸处置设"巡检司",并于五京京城首创"警巡院",由各机构官员率兵执行城乡巡逻缉盗、边疆御敌平乱、市场商贸监督,以及五京城市军、民户籍管理等任务。辽朝军警治安与民政管理制度的确立,为确保国土安全、维持社会稳定等起到了重要作用。

Liao dynasty inherited the system in the late Tang dynasty, the Five dynasties and the Northern Song dynasty, set up ＂Army Patrol Court＂ in the five capitals and ＂Patrol Divisions＂ in other places, and initiated ＂Police Patrol Court＂ in the five capitals. Therefore officials of the institutions mentioned above and their soldiers were in charge of urban and rural patrol, and frontier defense, market trade supervision, and the management of the army and civilian household in the five capitals. The estab- lishment of army and police security control and civil administration system in Liao dynasty, played an important role in ensuring homeland security, and maintaining social stability.