古代朝鲜的佛教统治与佛教故事的盛衰

The Prosperity and Decline of Buddhism Dominance and Buddhism Anecdotes in Ancient Korea

作为外来宗教,从新罗时期到李朝初年,佛教在古代朝鲜经历了由逐步接受到确立思想界统治地位,再到被儒学取代的盛衰转变。与此相应的,在新罗、高丽时期的朝鲜汉文史籍与小说中,存在大量佛教故事,有反映佛教初入新罗时艰难推行过程中的殉教先驱故事,有记录高僧大德成道事迹的准小说,也有宣扬佛法灵异与舍身精神的传教文。这些故事从内容到数量,都印证出当时佛教在思想界统治地位的逐步确立过程。到了以儒学立国的李氏王朝建立初期,思想界兴起"排佛重儒"的大变革,宣扬佛法者被论罪,佛教故事遭到禁毁,数量骤减。虽然在李朝中后期的小说作品中,仍有反映佛教信仰的内容出现,但已不复当年之盛况。

From Silla period to the earlier years of Joseon Dynasty in ancient Korea,Buddhism had experienced the transition process of prosperity and decline from being gradually recognized,becoming dominant within scholars,and then being replaced by Confucianism. Correspondingly,there were large amount of Buddhist tales in the North Korean Chinese historical records and novels during the Silla and Korai dynasty. Some reflected the story of martyrdom pioneers who strived for the development at the beginning of the Silla Dynasty; some were the quasi novels which described the achievements of eminent monks; and some were the sermons which advocated the Buddhist doctrine and the spirit of sacrifice. These stories,from the content to the amount,witnessed the dominant position of Buddhist at that time. In the Joseon Dynasty,after the thought rise ＂row Buddha worship Confucianism＂big bang,Buddhist story was banned While in middle and later periods of the Joseon Dynasty novel,buddhist faith was still reflected,but lasted no longer.