车载跟瞄设备低轨卫星预测方法研究

Research of LEO Satellite Orbit Prediction for Vehicle-Borne Optical Measuring Equipment

车载跟瞄设备对低轨卫星进行测量时,常采用轨道预报获得卫星理论运行轨迹,光测设备以预报值作为引导值,搜索目标进行跟踪.跟踪过程中,由于云雾遮蔽或地影的影响,会使光测设备丢失目标.这时可采用理论引导的方式,利用预报轨道继续搜索跟踪.但由于轨道预报的误差较大,且目标过境时间有限,因此这种方法存在一定的缺陷.探讨利用修正目标跟踪脱靶量以及光测设备轴系误差后的实时跟踪值作为已知条件,采用改进的拉普拉斯方法对目标位置进行实时预测,解决上述问题.通过实时预测误差与轨道误差的比较,证明该方法的有效性.

vehicle-borne optical measuring equipments to LEO satellite measurements,accessing to satellite theoretical trajectories by orbit prediction method.Optical measuring equipments search for targets to track according to the guiding value of prediction.In the process of tracking,the objectives will be lost because of clouds obscured or the impact of the earth＇s shadow.Then theoretical guiding method can be used to keep searching and tracking according to orbit prediction.However,orbit prediction has large errors,and the time that target passing by is limited,so theoretical guiding method is not perfect.In this paper,miss-distance for targets tracking and axis error of optical measuring equipment were corrected,and then the real-time tracking values after error correction was applied into real-time prediction of target position by Laplace methods which improve the accuracy of prediction values.Compared errors between real-time prediction and orbit,it is proved that the method is effective.