急性肺血栓栓塞的急诊诊疗研究进展

Research Progress on the Emergency Diagnosis and Treatment of Actue Pulmonary Thromboembolism

急性肺血栓栓塞(APTE)是内科的危急重症之一,是以肺部功能障碍及右心室功能不全为主要特征的心血管疾病。其临床表现复杂,但又缺乏特异性表现,因而易与其他疾病相混淆,造成误诊、漏诊。近年来,APTE的发病率以及致死率呈逐年上升的趋势,使患者的生命健康受到严重威胁。该文系统总结了APTE的诱发因素以及病理学特点,详细介绍了实验室检查以及常用的影像学检查等先进手段,并针对APTE的紧急处理以及当前主要的溶栓和抗凝治疗方法进行概述。

Acute pulmonary thromboembolism（ APET） is one of emergency and serious cases in department of internal medicine. It is a cardiovascular disease with the characteristics of pulmonary dysfunction and right ventricular dysfunction. The clinical symptoms of APTE are complex,but lack of specificity,so it is easily misdiagnosed and missed diagnosis. In recent years,the incidence and mortality of APTE has been increasing year by year,threatening the life and health of the patients. Here is to make a review of the causative factors and pathological characteristics of APET,as well as the laboratory examination and common iconography examination methods especially used in emergency treatment for APET,thrombolysis and anticoagulant therapy.