荧光染色法与萋-尼染色法检测结核分枝杆菌的效果评价

Evaluation on effect of fluorescent staining and Ziehl-Neelsen staining methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis

目的比较荧光染色与抗酸染色(萋-尼染色)检测结核分枝杆菌的结果差异,比较亚甲蓝液、Haris苏木素液、高锰酸钾液作为荧光染色法复染试剂的效果。方法采集疑似结核病症状的患者痰液标本198份,分别进行萋-尼染色和荧光染色,比较分析两种方法结核分枝杆菌检出率的差异。荧光染色分别用0.3%亚甲蓝液、0.5%Haris苏木素液、0.5%高锰酸钾液作为复染剂,比较不同复染剂在荧光显微镜下镜检的效果。结果萋-尼染色分枝杆菌检出率为66.67%(132/198)。荧光染色分枝杆菌检出率为94.9%(188/198),其中,亚甲蓝复染检出率为94.95%(188/198)、苏木素复染检出率94.44%(187/198)、高锰酸钾复染检出率为94.44(187/198),与萋-尼染色比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论荧光染色法阳性检出率明显高于萋-尼染色法,其中0.3%亚甲蓝液是一种良好的背景淬灭复染液。

Objective To compare the results difference between the fluorescence staining and the acid fast staining （Ziehi‐Neelsen staining） methods in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,and to compare the effects of the methylene blue solu‐tion ,Haris hematoxylin solution and potassium permanganate liquid as the redyeing reagents of the fluorescence staining method . Methods 198 sputum specimens collected from the patients with suspected tuberculosis symptoms and were performed the Ziehi‐Neelsen staining and the fluorescence staining respectively For comparing the difference in the detecting rate of Mycobacterium tu‐berculosis between the two kinds of method .The fluorescence staining adopted 0 .3% methylene blue solution ,0 .5% Haris hema‐toxylin solution and 0 .5% potassium permanganate solution as the redyeing reagents for comparing the effects of the fluorescence microscopic examination among different redying reagents .Results The detection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 66 .67%（132/198） for the Ziehi‐Neelsen staining ,94 .9% （188/198） for the fluorescence stainings and 94 .95% （188/198） for the methyl‐ene blue staining ,in which the detection rate of methylene blue redyeing was 94 .95% ,which of hematoxylin redyeing was 94 .44%（187/198） and which of potassium permanganate redyeing was 94 .44 （187/198） ,the differences among them were statistically sig‐nificant（P〈0 .05） .Conclusion The fluorescent staining method has the higher positive detection rate of Mycobacterium tubercu‐losis than the Ziehl‐Neelsen staining method ,in which 0 .3% methylene blue solution is a good background quenching redyeing solu‐tion .