吉林省食源性疾病患者就诊情况及疾病经济负担的评估

Assessment of hospital visiting situation and disease burden of patients with foodborne diseases in Jilin Province

目的：了解吉林省食源性疾病患者就诊和疾病经济负担情况并分析疾病经济负担的影响因素,为食源性疾病的防治提供依据。方法：以2012—2013年在吉林省内连续居住6个月及以上的常住人口为调查对象,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,选取吉林省10个监测地区内7 353人（2012年3 065人,2013年4 288人）进行入户面对面调查。分析不同类型食源性疾病患者的就诊率和疾病经济负担情况;采用单因素和多重线性回归分析食源性疾病经济负担的影响因素。结果：吉林省食源性疾病患者就诊率为13.10%,不同年龄、文化程度、过去4周内发生急性胃肠炎次数和患病持续天数的患者就诊率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,35~44岁年龄组患者就诊率高于其他年龄组（P〈0.05）,大学及以上文化程度的患者就诊率高于其他文化程度者（P〈0.05）,过去4周内发生急性胃肠炎2次以上的患者的就诊率高于其他患者（P〈0.05）,患病持续4d及以上的患者就诊率高于其他患者（P〈0.05）。157例食源性疾病患者的总经济负担为5 847.82元,人均疾病经济负担为37.25元。首次就诊机构级别和患病持续天数是食源性疾病经济负担的主要影响因素。结论：食源性疾病的就诊率不高,但给患者带来一定的经济负担,应提高基层医疗机构的利用率和诊疗能力,以降低食源性疾病患者的经济负担。

Objective To understand the hospital visiting situation and disease burden and to analyze the influencing factors of disease burden of the patients with foodborne diseases in Jilin Province,and to provide the basis for prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods 7 353people（3 065 for 2012year and 4 288 for 2013year）lived for 6consecutive months and above from 2012 to 2013were selected from ten monitoring areas of Jilin Province by multi-stage stratified random sampling method,and the data of these residents were collected with questionnaire by face-to-face interview.The hospital visiting and disease burden situation of the patients with different kinds of foodborne diseases were analyzed;the influencing factors of disease burden of the patients with foodborne diseases were detected by univariate and multiple linear regression analysis.Results The rate of hospital visiting of the patients with foodborne diseases was 13.10%,and there were significant differences of the rates of hospital visiting of the patients with different ages,culture degrees,numbers of acute gastroenteritis over the past 4 weeks and disease durations（P〈0.05）.The rate of hospital visiting in the patients of 35-44 age group was higher than those in other groups（P〈0.05）;the rates of hospital visiting of the patients with university and above degree,occurring 2times and above over the past 4weeks or illness lasting 4dand above were higher than those in other groups（P〈0.05）.The total economic burden and per capita economic burden of 157 patients with foodborne diseases were 5 847.82 and 37.25 yuan.The first hospital level and disease duration were the main influencing factors of economic burden of foodborne diseases.Conclusion The rate of hospital visiting of the patients with foodborne diseases is not high,but it still brings certain economic burden in the patients.It is important to improve the rate of capacity utilization and the treatment of primary health care institutions to reduce the economic burden of the patients with foodborne diseases.