不同类型农户土壤保护认知及行为决策研究——以江汉平原368户农户调查为例

Study on Soil-conservation Perception and Behavior Decision of Different Farmer Households——Based on Survey of 368 Farmer Households in Jianghan Plain

利用江汉平原农户调查数据,运用二元选择模型分析不同类型农户土壤保护认知与行为决策。结果表明:不同类型农户的土壤保护认知水平存在差异,且农户的土壤保护认知与其行为决策之间的差距较为明显;户主教育程度、农户土壤保护认知与耕地块数是影响所有类型农户土壤保护行为决策的显著因素;是否租入土地与接受农业技术培训对纯农户土壤保护行为有显著影响;人均耕地面积对I兼农户有显著影响;户主是否兼业与家庭非农就业比例对II兼农户有显著影响;户主年龄对III兼农户有显著影响。由此提出建议:提高各类农户土壤保护认知,缩小农户行为决策与认知差距的关键在于加强土壤保护知识与技术的宣传,培养农户土壤保护意识与技能,并通过土地整理等措施为农户采取土壤保护行为提供便利条件,在保障各方收入来源的基础上,引导土地从III兼农户向专业经营户流转。

Based on survey data from farmers in Jianghan plain,this paper uses Binary Choice Model to analyze the perceptions and behaviors of different farmers＇ soil conservation.The result shows that there are significant differences between different types of farmers＇ perception,and there is also a gap between farmers＇ perception and behavior of soil-conservation.In addition,the education level of head of the household,farmers＇ perception on soil-conservation and the fragmentation of cultivated lands are the obvious factors influencing behavior decision of farmers＇ soil conservation,while farmers＇ land renting and agricultural technical training have significant impact on farmers＇ soil conservation behavior and per capita arable land also has the obvious influence on type I farmer households.In addition,whether or not the farmer households have non-farm work and the non-farm employment ratio of farmer households have the obvious impact on type II farmers,while the age of head of farmer households have significant influence on type III farmer households.Therefore,this paper proposes that the key point of improving the perception of all types of farmers＇ soil conservation and reducing the gap of farmers＇ behavior decision and perception is to strengthen the publicity of soil-conservation knowledge and technology and cultivate their awareness and skills in soil conservation.Furthermore,land consolidation will also facilitate farmers to protect soil and it is necessary to transfer the land from type III farmers to professional farmer households on the basis of protecting the sources of income for all parties involved.