成人失禁相关性皮炎预防措施的系统评价

A System Review of Prevention Measures of Incontinence-associated Dermatitis of Adult Patients with Incontinence

目的评价成人失禁相关性皮炎(incontinence-associated dermatitis,IAD)预防措施的效果。方法计算机检索数据库后筛选出相关原始研究,由2名研究者对文献的质量进行严格评价、提取,对符合质量标准的使用RevMan 5.0软件对结局指标进行分析及描述。结果共纳入11项临床研究,其中6篇RCT,5篇类实验性研究。有5篇文献推荐使用皮肤清洁剂,其研究结果较普通的水和肥皂更能减少IAD的发生率;1篇文献推荐使用吸收棉集中在排泄点的尿垫,其较普通尿垫能够减少对皮肤损伤及IAD的发生率;1篇文献结果显示集便袋预防IAD发生效果优于普通尿垫;2篇文献报道有关使用保护产品对保持皮肤完整性的优势。2篇文献显示有针对性的皮肤护理方案更能保护皮肤的完整性。结论恰当的IAD的预防措施能够减少IAD的发生率及保护皮肤的完整性。

Objective To evaluate prophylactic effect of incontinence-associated dermatitis.Methods The original researches were filtered by the computer database,and two researchers rigorously evaluate and extract the literatures which were qualified.Literatures meeting the quality standards were analyzed and described by using RevMan 5.0software.Results A total of 11 clinical studies were included with six RCT and 5quasi-experimental studies.5articles recommended skin cleanser,and it had a better effect than ordinary soap and water to prevent incontinence-associated dermatitis occurrence.1article recommended to use highly absorptive urinal pad positioned above the hips,and it can reduce skin damage and incidence of IAD than normal urinal pad.1article demonstrates the advantages of use faeces collection bag in preventing the incidence of IAD.2literatures reported the advantages to use a protective film on the skin.2articles showed that the targeted skill nursing approach can better protect the integrity of skin.Conclusion Incontinenceassociated dermatitis precautions can reduce the incidence of IAD and protect the integrity of the skin.