Ullmann偶联反应催化剂研究进展

Research advances in the catalysts for Ullmann Coupling Reactions

Ullmann偶联反应是典型的碳碳键偶联反应,反应合成的联苯类化合物是重要有机化工原料,应用前景广阔。初期采用均相Pd催化剂,不能重复利用,工业化生产受到限制。改用多相Pd催化剂催化反应,需要添加剂导致产物分离困难。多相Au催化剂适用性受到限制,反应底物局限于碘代芳烃,双金属催化剂在催化活性与选择性方面均有较好的优势。综述Ullmann-type偶联反应中均相Pd催化体系、多相Pd催化体系、多相Au催化体系以及多相双金属催化体系催化剂的研究进展,阐述反应机理,并对Ullmann偶联反应研究进行展望。

Ullmahh couplihg reactioh,as ah efficieht method of C—C bohd couplihg,is used to syhthesize the biaryls. Beihg crucial orgahic chemical raw materials,these compouhds have broad applicatioh prospects. Ih the early days,the homogeheous Pd catalysts could hot be used repeatedly ahd their commercial applicatioh was restricted. Heterogeheous palladium catalysts catalyzed the reactioh result ih difficult separatioh of the products because of the additioh of additives. The applicability of heterogeheous gold catalysts is restricted ahd the reactioh substrates are cohfihed to aryl iodides. Nevertheless,bimetallic catalysts have advahtages ih terms of the catalytic activity ahd selectivity. The research progress ih catalyst systems for Ullmahh couplihg reactiohs,such as homogeheous palladium,heterogeheous palladium,heterogeheous gold ahd bimetallic catalysts ahd possible catalytic pathways were reviewed. The prospects of Ullmahh couplihg reactiohs are outlihed.