杜仲素对泌乳高峰期奶牛瘤胃发酵和血清指标的影响

Effects of Eucommia Ulmoides Oliv on Ruminal Fermentation and Serum Indices during Peak Lactation Period of Dairy Cows

本试验旨在探讨日粮中添加杜仲素对泌乳高峰期奶牛瘤胃发酵和血清指标的影响。选择24头体况、胎次、泌乳天数、产奶量、牛奶体细胞数相近的泌乳高峰期荷斯坦奶牛,并随机分为2组进行试验(对照组和试验组),试验组奶牛在对照组日粮基础上每日添加20 g杜仲素。试验预试期15 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:杜仲素对奶牛瘤胃液p H值、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度、乙酸浓度、丙酸浓度、乙酸/丙酸的值都无显著影响(P>0.05),显著降低奶牛瘤胃液氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度(P<0.05);杜仲素可以显著提高血清中白蛋白和肌酐浓度(P<0.05),显著降低球蛋白浓度(P<0.05);而对血清总蛋白、总胆红素、非酯化脂肪酸、尿素氮浓度都无显著影响(P>0.05);杜仲素对血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶的活性都有降低作用,但差异都不显著(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,日粮中添加杜仲素能在一定程度上改善奶牛瘤胃环境,提高瘤胃对氮的利用率,保护肝脏,提高机体免疫能力和代谢水平。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of eucommia ulmoides oliv on ruminal fermentation and serum indices during the peak lactation period of dairy cows. A total of 24 Holstein dairy cows in peak lactation period were selected according to the body condition, parity, lactation days, milk yield and somatic cell count and randomly assigned into two groups （control group and trial group）. The trial group was fed same diet as the control group plus 20 g/d eucommia ulmoides oliv. The adaptation period to the diet was 15 days while the formal experimental period was 60 days. The results showed that eucommia ulmoides oliv had no significant differences on cow＇s ruminal pH, total volatile fatty acid, acetate, butyrate and the ratio of acetate to propionate （P〉0.05）. The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen were lower than that of control group （P〈0.05）. Eucommia ulmoides oliv significantly increased the concentrations of serum albumin and creatinine （P〈0.05）, and significantly reduced the concentrations of serum globulin （P〈0.05）, while it did not significantly influence the concentrations of serum total protein, total bilirubin, nonesterified fatty acid, urea nitrogen （P〉0.05）. Eucommia ulmoides oliv increased the enzyme activity of the serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase （P〉0.05）. It was concluded that adding eucommia ulmoides oliv can improve the utilization of nitrogen in dairy cows, protect the liver, improve immunity and metabolism, and the rumen environment to some extent.