以稠油为唯一碳源的降解菌株的筛选与评价

Screening and evaluation of degrading bacteria using heavy oil as sole carbon source

通过以稠油为唯一碳源的原油平板实验,从胜利油田油水井中筛选获得2株稠油降解菌株BY和TH,经分子生物学鉴定菌株BY和TH分别为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus).菌株在40℃下均能产生显著的扩油圈.摇瓶实验结果显示2株菌与稠油作用后能发生明显的乳化分散现象.降解菌与稠油作用后,沥青质质量分数降低率分别为40.7%和32.5%,降黏率分别为64%和53%,且使发酵液的表面张力从63mN/m分别降低至35mN/m和40mN/m左右,结果证明了菌株BY和TH在稠油降黏技术上具有潜力.

Two degradation bacterium BY and TH were screened from strain library of Shengli Oilfield oil-water wells via oil plate method,which were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus respectively through molecular biological technology.Both of the stains could appear significant expansion of oil ring under 40 ℃ using heavy oil as the only carbon source.Shake flask experiments demonstrated that these bacteria could emulsify,separate and degrade heavy oil.After the strains degrading on heavy oil,asphaltene content and crude oil viscosity was reduced.The rate of asphaltene reduced to 40.7%and 32.5%respectively,the viscosity reduction rate were 64% and 53%respectively;And the surface tension of the fermented liquid were reduced from 63mN/m to 35mN/m and 40mN/m or so.The results proved that the strains of BY and TH were potential strains to the technology of reducing heavy crude viscosity.