肉鸡产业链中沙门菌流行情况及其耐药性

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonellain a broiler meat production chain from farm level to retail

为了了解食源性病原沙门菌在肉鸡产业链中的流行情况及其耐药性现状。本研究从上海某肉鸡屠宰加工企业分别采集待宰肉鸡、屠宰胴体和市售鸡肉样品388、200、127份,并参照GB/T4789.4-2010和PCR法进行沙门菌的分离鉴定。结果显示,共获得沙门菌73株。待宰肉鸡、屠宰胴体和市售鸡肉分别获得沙门菌9、48和16株,分离率依次为2.32%、17.5%和8.66%。采用微量肉汤稀释法测定分离菌株对12种抗菌药物的敏感性。药敏结果显示,所有菌株至少耐两种药物。其中对复方新诺明和多西环素的耐药率最高,分别为100%和95.89%;头孢唑啉、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氯霉素、氨苄西林、萘啶酸的耐药率也均超过了40%,而对头孢噻呋、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、美罗培南的耐药率相对较低。结果表明,该地区肉鸡源沙门菌的耐药情况较严重,亟需加强养禽业抗菌药物的合理应用;同时沙门菌流行情况也对改进肉鸡屠宰加工工艺,降低沙门菌的污染提出了要求。

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Salmonella along a broiler production chain from farm to retail, and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of the collect- ed isolates. Accordig to GB/T4789. 4-2010 and PCR method, a total of 73 Salmonella isolates were acquired and identified from collected broiler ceca （2. 320/60, 9/388）, broiler carcasses （17.50G ,35/200）,and retail broiler meat （8.66%, 16/127） samples collected in Shanghai,Chi- na. Minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of 12 antimicrobials were determined with the broth dilution method. High prevalence of resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole （100%） and doxycycline （95.89 ~） were detected among the collected Salmoella isolates. The resistance rates of Salmonella isolates against cefazolin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, ampicillin and nalidixic acid was all over 40%, while the collected Salmonella exhibited much lower resist- ance to the other five antimicrobials. In conclusion, the findings indicated the prevalence of Salmonella in a broiler chicken production chain and the concering situation of anitimicrobial resistance of Salmonella, underlying the need for improved measures to reduce carcass contamination and antibiotic restriction policy to contain antimicrobial resistance.