焊接圆钢管残余应力试验研究

Experimental investigation on residual stress of steel welded circular tubes

为研究焊接圆钢管的纵向残余应力分布规律,采用分割法对9个不同截面尺寸、不同钢材强度、不同加工工艺的试件进行了测量。基于测量数据,得到了不同尺寸试件的全截面残余应力分布和拉、压残余应力的大小,研究了圆钢管径厚比、钢材强度、热镀锌处理对残余应力的影响以及测量过程中人为误差对测量结果的影响。试验结果表明,高强度钢材焊接圆钢管的残余应力分布较均匀,热镀锌处理降低了圆钢管的最大残余拉应力;采用分割法测量时人为操作产生的误差很小。最后,提出了完整的适用于焊接圆钢管截面的残余应力分布模型,并进行有限元模拟,与试验结果吻合良好,为进一步对焊接圆钢管整体稳定进行有限元分析提供参考资料。

In order to investigate the residual stress of steel welded circular tubes,an experimental program including nine different sections,different strength and different processing technology specimens were conducted in which sectioning method was employed.Based on large quantities of original test data,the residual stress distribution and the magnitudes of these different specimens were obtained,and the effects of the diameter-to-thickness ratio,the steel strength and hot galvanizing as well as the human error were analyzed.It is indicated that the residual stress of high strength steel welded tubes is flatter than the ones of ordinary steel tubes,and galvanizing decreases the maximum residual tensile stress.The human error of measuring is quite small.Finally,the residual stress distribution model for steel welded circular tube sections was established which had a good agreement with the test results.Meanwhile,the finite element verification was carried out which provided reference for the future finite element analysis of overall buckling.