Q隐种烟粉虱头部感器观察及功能初步研究

Head Sensilla from Q Cryptic Species of Bemisia tabaci and Their Roles

为研究Q隐种烟粉虱头部感器与嗅觉的相关性,应用扫描电镜观察了Q隐种烟粉虱头部感器的分布和形态,结果表明,烟粉虱雄成虫触角长度为191.55μm,雌成虫触角长度为235.97μm明显长于雄成虫。雌、雄成虫的柄节和梗节长度均无显著性差异,雄成虫鞭节为144.90μm,雌成虫鞭节为187.34μm,雌成虫明显长于雄成虫,但两者在感器形态、大小、位置和数量上无显著性差异。雌、雄成虫的头部均有微毛感器、刺形感器、腔锥感器、锥形感器和钟形感器等5种感器。其中,微毛感器和刺形感器在头部分布广泛,数量众多。腔锥感器、锥形感器和钟形感器仅存在于触角上,且主要位于触角鞭节的背面和腹面,锥形感器的长度最长,雌、雄成虫的锥形感器长度分别为11.37和11.67μm。在分别对触角、梗节和鞭节进行切除后,烟粉虱成虫对其嗜食寄主黄瓜失去趋向性,表明触角鞭节是Q隐种烟粉虱的重要嗅觉器官。触角鞭节上的感器在雌、雄Q隐种烟粉虱成虫对黄瓜幼苗气味选择的过程中起重要作用,而位于触角柄节和梗节上的感器对黄瓜气味没有识别作用。

In order to reveal the correlation between head sensilla and olfaction of Q cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius）, the morphology and ultrastructure of its head sensilla were investigated by electron microscope scanning. The results show that the length of female antennae （235.97μm） was significantly longer than that of male antennae （191.55μm）. No significant difference was observed between sexes in scape and pedicel. The length of female adult flagellum （187.34μm） was significantly longer than that of the male （144.90μm）. However, the shape, size and quantity of antennae sensilla between sexes were similar. Both the heads of female and male contained five kinds of sensillas： microtrichia sensilla, chaetica sensilla, coelocomica sensilla, basiconca sensilla and campaniformia sensilla. Microtrichia sensilla and chaetica sensilla were distributed widely in the head. Coelocomica sensilla, basiconca sensilla and campaniformia sensilla were only observed in antennae, and most of them laid on the upper and back surface of the antennae. Basiconca sensilla were the longest one, being 11.37 and 11.67μm for female and male, respectively. With antennae, pedicelland flagellum, or flagellum cut off, Q cryptic species of B. tabaci showed no obvious preference for its host cucumber, indicating that the sensilla in flagellum played an important role in the detection of cucumber odor in both sexes, while the sensilla in scape and pedicellshowed no role in detection of cucumber odor.