论自然人提起环境公益诉讼

On Natural Person to Bring Environmental Public Interest Litigation

随着改革开放的不断深入,中国市场经济开始由粗放化向集约化转型,在这期间,生态环境被破坏的不良影响逐渐显现,人们对良好公共生态环境的利益诉求与日俱增。在这样的现实背景下,新修订的《民事诉讼法》正式将环境公益诉讼制度确立为一项法定制度,这标志着中国对生态环境的法律保护前进了一大步。然而,环境保护的立法进程却始终追赶不上人们对环境保护的理想诉求。中国立法中环境公益诉讼的原告资格仅限法律规定的机关和有关组织,并未涉及自然人;英美法系和大陆法系国家都赋予了自然人担当公益诉讼原告的资格。因而,进一步完善自然人提起环境公益诉讼制度就成为环境保护理论探讨的着力点之一。

With the deepening of reform and opening-up,China＇s market economy began to transform from extensive economy to intensive economy. However,ecological environment has been destroyed in this period,and people＇s demand for good public environment grows with each passing day. In this context,the environmental public interest litigation system is formally established by the newly-revised ＂Civil Procedure Law＂as a legal system,which marks a big step forward towards the legal protection of the ecological environment in China. However,the legislative process of environmental protection can＇t catch up with the ideal demand on the environmental protection,and the plaintiff of environmental public interest litigation in the legislation is confined to relevant organs and organizations,not relating to the natural person. But the natural person is entitled to public interest litigation in both continental law system countries and Anglo American law system countries. Therefore,to perfect the system of the natural person bringing forward the environmental public interest litigation has become one of the important issues of the theory of environmental protection.