自由基生物学在运动医学中的应用研究

Application research of free radical biology in exercise medicine

长时间剧烈运动会产生大量自由基,对机体生物大分子、亚细胞器(膜)、细胞、腺体、组织造成伤害,导致机能下降,从而引起机体健康水平和运动能力降低.本文总结了在运动医学领域常用的自由基清除系统,如:酶促自由基清除系统、维生素类自由基清除系统、有机小分子类自由基清除系统、金属蛋白类自由基清除系统、植物提取物类自由基清除系统、海生动物与菌藻类提取物类自由基清除系统.进一步介绍了生物学和医学中的新技术,如:电子显微镜技术、同工酶分析技术、流式细胞仪技术、基因芯片技术、PCR技术、放射免疫方法、高效液相色谱技术、间接荧光染色方法等在运动自由基研究中的应用.论述了自由基对大分子、细胞、腺体、组织损伤与危害的生物学机制,自由基对运动能力的影响以及运动自由基生物学研究现状.指出在运动自由基生物学领域应进一步开展新的、有效的抗氧化剂筛选与开发和作用机制的深度研究.

A the large number of free radicals are produced in prolonged strenuous exercise,they can damage biological macromolecules and organelles （film）,cell,glands,tissue of body,resul-ting in a decline in function,causing to lowe of the body health and exercise ability.The free radi-cal scavenging systems used in sports medicine,such as enzymatic radical scavenging systems,vi-tamins radical scavenging systems,small organic molecules class radical scavenging systems, metal scavenging system proteins,plant extracts class free radical scavenging systems,marine animals and algae extracts from free radical scavenging systems are summarized.Some new biolo-gy and medicine technology and methods that can be used to study free radicals,such as electron microscopy,isozyme analysis,flow cytometry,gene chip technology,PCR technology,radioim-munoassay,high-performance liquid chromatography,indirect fluorescence staining methods are introduced.The radical madical macromolecules,cells,glands,biological mechanisms of tissue damage and bazards and the effects of free radicals on athletic ability,sports radical biology of the status are also discussed.In the field of free radical biology,it is pointed that further movements should focus on developing of new antioxidant and study of the free radical action mechanisms.