重症监护病房新生先天畸形儿的父母焦虑与抑郁状况及影响因素分析

The Psychological States and Their Influencing Factors in the Parents of Congenital Defect Neonates Admitted to Intensive Care Unit

目的调查重症监护病房(ICU)新生先天畸形儿父母的心理状况及其影响因素。方法采用自制的一般资料问卷及焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对2013年6月1日-11月29日入住ICU新生先天畸形儿的父母进行问卷调查。结果共收回有效问卷152份,包括102例患儿的共152名父母,焦虑评分粗分为(39.45±8.53)分,抑郁评分粗分为(43.28±10.76)分。单因素分析发现文化程度低、家庭收入低、有家族史及农村居住的父母焦虑程度更高,而汉族、家庭收入低、有家族史的父母抑郁程度更高(P<0.05);多因素分析发现居住地及家族史为焦虑的影响因素(P<0.05),民族、家庭收入及家族史为抑郁的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 ICU新生先天畸形儿的父母焦虑与抑郁的评分较高,民族、家庭收入、家族史及居住为其影响因素。

Objective To investigate the psychological states and their inl uencing factors in parents of congenital defect neonates admitted to Intensive Care Unit（ICU）. Methods The self-designed general information questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data, and self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and self-rating depression scale（SDS） were used to evaluate the states of anxiety and depression of the parents of congenital defect neonates admitted to ICU between June 1 and November 29, 2013. Results A total of 152 parents were included in this investigation. The average score of SAS was 39.45±8.53. The average score of SDS was 43.28±10.76. Univariate analysis found that parents with lower educational level, poorer family income, positive family history and countryside residence might have higher score of SAS, while parents with Han nationality, poorer family income and family history would have higher score of SDS. Multivariate analysis discovered that living condition and family history were related to anxiety status. However, depression state was influenced by nationality, family income and family history. Conclusions A considerable number of parents of congenital defect neonates admitted to ICU have anxiety or depression. And nationality, family income, family history and living condition are the major risk factors.