三个百合品种光合特性研究

Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Three Lily Cultivars

为了指导百合反季节栽培,以3个百合品种（多安娜、布朗尼诺和精粹）为研究对象,利用Li-6400便携式光合测定系统测定了寡日多雨地区大棚条件下11月开花期植株不同叶位的叶绿素含量和比值、气孔交换参数、以及中位叶片的光合有效辐射-Pn响应曲线和胞间CO2浓度-Pn响应曲线。结果表明：3个品种不同叶位的Chla＋b含量变化趋势不一致,多安娜以下位叶片最高,布朗尼诺以中、下位叶片较高,精粹则以中、上位叶片较高,而Chla/b均以上位叶片高;多安娜和精粹的Pn以中位叶片最高,上位叶片次之,下位叶片最小,布朗尼诺则以上位叶片高于中位叶片,下位叶片最小。Pn变化趋势与气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率和水分利用率变化趋势大体一致,却与饱和蒸汽压亏缺变化相反;3种百合均有较低的光补偿点（2.36~18.92μmol·（m2·s）-1）、暗呼吸速率（0.496~0.651μmol·（m2·s）-1）和表观量子效率（0.0365~0.0419）,较高的光饱和点（1 163~1 236μmol·（m2·s）-1）和最大净光合速率（10.11~13.94μmol·（m2·s）-1）,对低光照有较强的利用能力和对光强适应幅度较宽。3种百合均具有较低的CO2补偿点（12.19~63.71μmol·（m2·s）-1）,较高的CO2饱和点（1 257~1 313μmol·（m2·s）-1）和光合能力（18.74~20.50μmol·（m2·s）-1）,具有较高的碳源同化能力。

In order to guide the lily anti-season cultivation,using the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system,three flowering lily cultivars（Pollyanna,Brunello,Elite）were measured with the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b,stomata exchange parameters of different leaf position,and the response curves of photosynthetic active radiation-Pn,the response curves of intercellular CO2concentration-Pn in greenhouse on November at cloudy and rainy area.The results showed that the variation trends of the chlorophyll a＋b on different leaf position of three cultivars were inconsistent,the highest chlorophyll of the Pollyanna were on the under part leaves,the highest chlorophyll of the Brunello were on the under and middle part leaves,and the higher chlorophyll of the Elite were on the upper and middle part leaves.While the highest chlorophyll a/b of three cultivars were all on the upper part leaves.The highest Pn of Pollyanna and Elite leaves were on the middle part leaves,and the minimum were on the under part leaves,while the highest Pn of Brunello was on the upper part leaves,the minimum was on the under part leaves.The variation trends of Pn on different leaf position with the variation trends of stomata conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,transpiration rate and water utilization rate was similar,while with vapor pressure deficit was opposite.Three lily cultivars had lower light compensation point（2.36~18.92μmol·（m2·s）-1）,dark respiration rate（0.496~0.651μmol·（m2·s）-1）,apparent quantum efficiency（0.036 5~0.041 9）,and higher light saturation point（1 163~1 236μmol·（m2·s）-1）,and maximum net photosynthetic rate（10.11~13.94μmol·（m2·s）-1）,and had higher capacity on utilizing low light,could adapt a wide range of light density.All three lily cultivars had lower light compensation point（12.19~63.71μmol·（m2·s）-1）,higher light compensation point CO2（1 257~1 313μmol·（m2·s）-1）,and photosynthetic rate（18.74~20.50μmol·（m2·s）-1）,which suggests that these cultivars had higher capacity of carbon source assimilation.