重庆市大学生自杀冲动及攻击行为的性别差异分析

Investigation of gender differences of suicidal,impulsive and aggressive behavior among Chongqing college students

目的了解重庆市大学生自杀、冲动及攻击行为的性别差异,为针对性指导大学生的心理危机干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对重庆市9 808名在校大学生进行一般人口学、自杀行为、自杀意念、自杀态度、冲动行为量表、外显攻击量表等问卷调查。结果女生自杀态度更倾向于包容和理解,其自杀意念及自杀行为的检出率(16.40%,2.46%)均明显高于男生(10.27%,1.11%)(χ2值分别为9.997,62.507,P值均<0.01);在冲动行为调查中,女生在"动机性冲动""认知性冲动"及总分均高于男生(t值分别为11.236,10.930,9.464,P值均<0.01);在攻击行为调查中,女生倾向于采取"愤怒及敌意",而男生倾向于采取"身体及语言攻击",差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为13.843,3.050,-26.591,-8.729,P值均<0.01)。结论女生较男生易出现冲动行为,易采取愤怒及敌意的攻击行为,更容易产生自杀意念及行为,而男生则容易出现身体及语言攻击行为。

Objective To investigate gender differences of suicidal,impulsive and aggressive behaviors among Chongqing college students,and to develop targeted strategy of crisis intervention. Methods A totoal of 9 808 college students in Chongqing were surveyed by stratified and cluster sampling method so as to investigate the data on gender differences of their suicidal,impulsive and aggressive behaviors. Results Data showed that the suicidal attitude of female students tended to tolerance and understanding,and the incidence of their suicidal ideation and suicide attempt（ 16.40%,2.46%） were significantly higher than males（ 10.27%,1.11%）（ P〈0.01）; In the impulsive behavior survey, ＂ Motivation impulse score＂, ＂ cognitive impulse score＂ and total score of female college students were higher than males（ P〈0.01）; In aggressive behavior investigation,female students tended to take ＂ anger and hostility＂（ P〈0.01）,while males tended to take ＂ physical and verbal aggression＂（ P〈 0.01）. Conclusion The female students are prone to impulsive behavior,anger and hostility,which can easily lead to suicidal ideation and behavior,while the males are prone to physical and verbal aggression.