青海藏区寄宿制学校中小学生卫生习惯状况

Personal hygiene habit survey of the Tibetan primary and middle boarding school students in Qinghai Province

目的了解青海省藏区寄宿制中小学生个人卫生习惯状况,为制定藏区学生健康教育计划提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,使用自行设计的调查问卷对青海省藏区2 532名寄宿制中小学生日常个人卫生习惯进行问卷调查。结果小学生和初中生除不喝生水外,其他9个方面卫生习惯形成率差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.01）;男女生除每天洗脚次数和不喝生水外,其他8个方面卫生习惯形成率差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0.01）。20%~35%的学生饭前便后不洗手或偶尔洗手,30%~40%的学生每天洗脸次数〈1次,35%~40%的学生每天刷牙次数〈1次,35%~49%的学生每天洗脚少于1次,50%~60%的学生有喝生水习惯,55%~60%学生每周洗澡〈1次。结论青海藏区寄宿制学校中小学生不良卫生习惯比例较高,需采取综合性健康教育和健康促进措施提高学生良好卫生行为习惯水平。

Objective To understand personal hygiene habit status and nutritional status of Tibetan boarding students in Qinghai province and to provide basis for making health education plan for Tibetan students. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was conducted to select 2 532 students from four schools of 2 counties in the Tibetan area.Self-designed questionnaires were carried out to investigate their personal hygiene habits. Results There were statistically significant differences of 9 hygiene habits between elementary and junior high school students（ P〈0.01）,as well as in 8 hygiene habits between boys and girls（ P〈0.01）.The higher students’ grade,the higher rates of good hygienic habits,boys had high percentage good hygienic habits than girls.About 20%-35% students don’ t wash their hands before dinner and after bathroom,30%-40% students wash their face once in a few days,35%-40% students brush teeth once a few days,35%-49% students don’t wash feet once every day,50%-60% of them have habit to drink raw water,55%-60% of them don’t take one bath a week. Conclusion The proportion of Tibetan boarding school students who bad hygiene habits is high in Qinghai province,comprehensive measures of health education and promotion to improve the level of students’ good health habits need to be taken.